Flute SKU: HL.4470390 Edited by William Gower and Himie Voxman. Concert Band Method. Rubank Advanced Method. Instructional. Instructional book. With introductory text, instructional text, performance notes and illustrations. 72 pages. Rubank Publications #RUBL95. Published by Rubank Publications (HL.4470390). ISBN 9781423444343. UPC: 073999703900. 9x12 inches. Edited by Wm. Gower and H. Voxman.An outlined course of study designed to follow the elementary and intermediate levels of any instructional method, the Rubank Advanced Methods are considered to be one of the gold standards of advanced instrumental study. The specially designed units provide a a complete pedagogy: • Scales and Arpeggios All of the major and minor keys are covered in the complete two-book course • Melodic Interpretation Including 20+ contest level duets in each book • Solo Preparation Six contest level solos included • Articulation Studies Specialized for each instrument • Exercises in Fingering (woodwinds), Flexibility (brass) and Sticking (percussion) • Ornamentation All types are introduced Generations of musicians have been taught with Rubank methods – join the tradition!

SATB opera choir - Digital Download SKU: MQ.15-95190-E Composed by Heinrich Marschner and Sam Spears. Octavo. 11 pages. Colla Voce Music - Digital #15-95190-E. Published by Colla Voce Music - Digital (MQ.15-95190-E). Though he is not well known today, Heinrich Marschner (1795-1861) was the greatest German operatic composer of the generation between Weber and Wagner. He is best remembered for his operas Der Vampyr, Hans Heiling, and Der Templer und die Jüdin. Marschner’s early career was a patchwork of short engagements. He achieved more stability in 1830 when he was appointed Hofkapellmeister at the court of Hanover, a position he held until his retirement in 1859. In addition to opera, he is known for his songs, chamber music, and choral music, especially his works for men’s choir. Der Vampyr premiered in Leipzig in 1828. The Chorus of Witches and Spirits is the opening chorus of the opera. It creates a dramatic sense of foreboding as dark forces gather to celebrate the Witches’ Sabbath and summon the Vampire King. Featured at: 2014 NM All-State Choral Reading Session 2014 Z. Randall Stroope Choral Immersion Workshop

Flute Duet Flute - Level 2 - Digital Download SKU: A0.1424571 Composed by Charles Francois Gounod and Chas Warren (adulterated). Arranged by P. R. Frederick. Classical,Romantic Period. Score. 4 pages. P. R. Frederick #1005756. Published by P. R. Frederick (A0.1424571). Funeral March of a Marionette is a short piece by Charles Gounod It was originally written for solo piano in 1872 and orchestrated in 1879. It is perhaps best known as the theme music for the television program Alfred Hitchcock Presents.Here it is offered as a duet for two flutes.  It's one of those tunes that people recognize as soon as they hear it.A score and separate parts are providedSee my other flute duets here

Clarinet Duet Clarinet - Level 2 - Digital Download SKU: A0.1424543 Composed by Charles Francois Gounod and Chas Warren (adulterated). Arranged by P. R. Frederick. Classical,Romantic Period. 2 scores. 4 pages. P. R. Frederick #1005727. Published by P. R. Frederick (A0.1424543). Funeral March of a Marionette is a short piece by Charles Gounod It was originally written for solo piano in 1872 and orchestrated in 1879. It is perhaps best known as the theme music for the television program Alfred Hitchcock Presents.Here it is offered as a duet for two clarinets.  It's one of those tunes that people recognize as soon as they hear it.A score and separate parts are providedSee my other clarinet duets here

Alto Saxophone,Tenor Saxophone - Level 2 - Digital Download SKU: A0.1426042 Composed by Charles Francois Gounod and Chas Warren (adulterated). Arranged by P. R. Frederick. Classical,Romantic Period. Saxophone Duet. 4 pages. P. R. Frederick #1006840. Published by P. R. Frederick (A0.1426042). Funeral March of a Marionette is a short piece by Charles Gounod It was originally written for solo piano in 1872 and orchestrated in 1879. It is perhaps best known as the theme music for the television program Alfred Hitchcock Presents.Here it is offered as a duet for two like saxophones.  It's one of those tunes that people recognize as soon as they hear it.A score and separate parts are providedSee my other saxophone duets here

SAB choir, Piano (With Optional Brass Quintet, Percussion) - Digital Download Incorporating Hark! the Herald Angels Sing. Composed by Joseph M. Martin. Sacred Anthem, Christmas. Octavo. 12 pages. Lorenz Publishing Company #e10/4750L. Published by Lorenz Publishing Company

Descant recorder and piano - easy - Digital Download 29 Easy Pieces for Descant Recorder and Piano. This edition: Sheet music. Klassik - Blockflote - Originalstucke. Classical Music for Children. Von der Barockzeit uber die Klassik bis zur Romantik. Neben Originalstucken wurden bewusst auch leichte Bearbeitungen bekannter Meisterwerke aufgenommen, um dem Zugang zur klassischen Konzertliteratur zu fordern. Downloadable. Schott Music - Digital #Q43098. Published by Schott Music - Digital

Voice and piano (2 songs with violoncello; 1 vocal duet) - Medium - Digital Download SKU: MQ.8491-47E Composed by MeeAe Cecilia Nam and Theodore Gouvy. 6 pages. E. C. Schirmer Music Company - Digital #8491-47E. Published by E. C. Schirmer Music Company - Digital (MQ.8491-47E). French.A French composer, Théodore Gouvy (1819-1898) was one of the most significant composers of 19th Century in Europe. The movement of rediscovering his instrumental music has been increasingly successful in Europe since the 1990s, especially following the birth of L’Institut Gouvy in France. However, his solo vocal music has been waiting to be unveiled to the public. Volume One includes 52 songs of Gouvy.Gouvy traveled widely throughout Europe. He was also a lover of nature. Generally, he spent his winters in Leipzig, but in the summertime, he always returned to Hombourg-Haut, France, to stroll through the woods, to hunt, and to relax. Gouvy was fluent in several languages and had a great appreciation of the Renaissance French Poetry of Pierre de Ronsard whose poetry he had set to music. The fifty-two songs in this volume are largely by Ronsard and other Renaissance poets of La Pléiade.Although Ronsard is approximately 300 years older than Gouvy, they both seem to have the same interest in classical literature, though, admittedly, for different reasons. Celebrated by the French and English courts, Ronsard (1525-1585) was the leader of La Pléiade: a group of seven poets (Joachim Du Bellay (1522-1560), Rémy Belleau (1528-1577), Étienne Jodelle (1532-1573), Pontus de Tyard (1521-1603), Jean–Antoine Baïf (1532-1589), and Jean Daurat (1508-1588), who dedicated their efforts to writing poetry in French rather than in Latin (or Greek) as most of the Romantic poets did. They wished to enrich the French language, and establish a new literature which would be the equal of the other literature of their period, and the equal to poets of the past. French Romantic poetry featured the closeness of the poet to nature, and his ability to communicate with nature by personifying (anthropomorphizing) all of nature’s elements: flowers, the planets, the moon, the breeze, and even the sand upon the shore. As a significant melodist, Gouvy’s treatment of the vocal solo line and his treatment and development of the piano accompaniment places him in the upper echelons as a composer of songs. His diverse cultural life led a rich and significant musical life, interacting with his contemporaries who admired his work, and whom Gouvy knew well, such as Liszt, Brahms, Schumann, Mendelssohn, Berlioz and Gounod. Contents:Six Odes de Ronsard pour ténor et piano, Op. 37 (No. 3 et No. 5 avec violoncelle) Neuf Poésies de Ronsard pour soprano ou ténor et piano, Op. 41 Six Poésies de Ronsard pour soprano ou ténor et piano, Op. 42 Quatre Odes de Ronsard pour baryton et piano, Op. 43 Huit Poésies de Ronsard pour ténor ou soprano et piano, Op. 44 Sept Poésies de Ronsard pour ténor ou soprano et piano, Op. 47.

Voice and piano (2 songs with violoncello; 1 vocal duet) - Medium - Digital Download SKU: MQ.8491-27E Composed by MeeAe Cecilia Nam and Theodore Gouvy. 5 pages. E. C. Schirmer Music Company - Digital #8491-27E. Published by E. C. Schirmer Music Company - Digital (MQ.8491-27E). French.A French composer, Théodore Gouvy (1819-1898) was one of the most significant composers of 19th Century in Europe. The movement of rediscovering his instrumental music has been increasingly successful in Europe since the 1990s, especially following the birth of L’Institut Gouvy in France. However, his solo vocal music has been waiting to be unveiled to the public. Volume One includes 52 songs of Gouvy.Gouvy traveled widely throughout Europe. He was also a lover of nature. Generally, he spent his winters in Leipzig, but in the summertime, he always returned to Hombourg-Haut, France, to stroll through the woods, to hunt, and to relax. Gouvy was fluent in several languages and had a great appreciation of the Renaissance French Poetry of Pierre de Ronsard whose poetry he had set to music. The fifty-two songs in this volume are largely by Ronsard and other Renaissance poets of La Pléiade.Although Ronsard is approximately 300 years older than Gouvy, they both seem to have the same interest in classical literature, though, admittedly, for different reasons. Celebrated by the French and English courts, Ronsard (1525-1585) was the leader of La Pléiade: a group of seven poets (Joachim Du Bellay (1522-1560), Rémy Belleau (1528-1577), Étienne Jodelle (1532-1573), Pontus de Tyard (1521-1603), Jean–Antoine Baïf (1532-1589), and Jean Daurat (1508-1588), who dedicated their efforts to writing poetry in French rather than in Latin (or Greek) as most of the Romantic poets did. They wished to enrich the French language, and establish a new literature which would be the equal of the other literature of their period, and the equal to poets of the past. French Romantic poetry featured the closeness of the poet to nature, and his ability to communicate with nature by personifying (anthropomorphizing) all of nature’s elements: flowers, the planets, the moon, the breeze, and even the sand upon the shore. As a significant melodist, Gouvy’s treatment of the vocal solo line and his treatment and development of the piano accompaniment places him in the upper echelons as a composer of songs. His diverse cultural life led a rich and significant musical life, interacting with his contemporaries who admired his work, and whom Gouvy knew well, such as Liszt, Brahms, Schumann, Mendelssohn, Berlioz and Gounod. Contents:Six Odes de Ronsard pour ténor et piano, Op. 37 (No. 3 et No. 5 avec violoncelle) Neuf Poésies de Ronsard pour soprano ou ténor et piano, Op. 41 Six Poésies de Ronsard pour soprano ou ténor et piano, Op. 42 Quatre Odes de Ronsard pour baryton et piano, Op. 43 Huit Poésies de Ronsard pour ténor ou soprano et piano, Op. 44 Sept Poésies de Ronsard pour ténor ou soprano et piano, Op. 47.

Voice and piano (2 songs with violoncello; 1 vocal duet) - Medium - Digital Download SKU: MQ.8491-31E Composed by MeeAe Cecilia Nam and Theodore Gouvy. 5 pages. E. C. Schirmer Music Company - Digital #8491-31E. Published by E. C. Schirmer Music Company - Digital (MQ.8491-31E). French.A French composer, Théodore Gouvy (1819-1898) was one of the most significant composers of 19th Century in Europe. The movement of rediscovering his instrumental music has been increasingly successful in Europe since the 1990s, especially following the birth of L’Institut Gouvy in France. However, his solo vocal music has been waiting to be unveiled to the public. Volume One includes 52 songs of Gouvy.Gouvy traveled widely throughout Europe. He was also a lover of nature. Generally, he spent his winters in Leipzig, but in the summertime, he always returned to Hombourg-Haut, France, to stroll through the woods, to hunt, and to relax. Gouvy was fluent in several languages and had a great appreciation of the Renaissance French Poetry of Pierre de Ronsard whose poetry he had set to music. The fifty-two songs in this volume are largely by Ronsard and other Renaissance poets of La Pléiade.Although Ronsard is approximately 300 years older than Gouvy, they both seem to have the same interest in classical literature, though, admittedly, for different reasons. Celebrated by the French and English courts, Ronsard (1525-1585) was the leader of La Pléiade: a group of seven poets (Joachim Du Bellay (1522-1560), Rémy Belleau (1528-1577), Étienne Jodelle (1532-1573), Pontus de Tyard (1521-1603), Jean–Antoine Baïf (1532-1589), and Jean Daurat (1508-1588), who dedicated their efforts to writing poetry in French rather than in Latin (or Greek) as most of the Romantic poets did. They wished to enrich the French language, and establish a new literature which would be the equal of the other literature of their period, and the equal to poets of the past. French Romantic poetry featured the closeness of the poet to nature, and his ability to communicate with nature by personifying (anthropomorphizing) all of nature’s elements: flowers, the planets, the moon, the breeze, and even the sand upon the shore. As a significant melodist, Gouvy’s treatment of the vocal solo line and his treatment and development of the piano accompaniment places him in the upper echelons as a composer of songs. His diverse cultural life led a rich and significant musical life, interacting with his contemporaries who admired his work, and whom Gouvy knew well, such as Liszt, Brahms, Schumann, Mendelssohn, Berlioz and Gounod. Contents:Six Odes de Ronsard pour ténor et piano, Op. 37 (No. 3 et No. 5 avec violoncelle) Neuf Poésies de Ronsard pour soprano ou ténor et piano, Op. 41 Six Poésies de Ronsard pour soprano ou ténor et piano, Op. 42 Quatre Odes de Ronsard pour baryton et piano, Op. 43 Huit Poésies de Ronsard pour ténor ou soprano et piano, Op. 44 Sept Poésies de Ronsard pour ténor ou soprano et piano, Op. 47.

Voice and piano (2 songs with violoncello; 1 vocal duet) - Medium - Digital Download SKU: MQ.8491-29E Composed by MeeAe Cecilia Nam and Theodore Gouvy. 4 pages. E. C. Schirmer Music Company - Digital #8491-29E. Published by E. C. Schirmer Music Company - Digital (MQ.8491-29E). French.A French composer, Théodore Gouvy (1819-1898) was one of the most significant composers of 19th Century in Europe. The movement of rediscovering his instrumental music has been increasingly successful in Europe since the 1990s, especially following the birth of L’Institut Gouvy in France. However, his solo vocal music has been waiting to be unveiled to the public. Volume One includes 52 songs of Gouvy.Gouvy traveled widely throughout Europe. He was also a lover of nature. Generally, he spent his winters in Leipzig, but in the summertime, he always returned to Hombourg-Haut, France, to stroll through the woods, to hunt, and to relax. Gouvy was fluent in several languages and had a great appreciation of the Renaissance French Poetry of Pierre de Ronsard whose poetry he had set to music. The fifty-two songs in this volume are largely by Ronsard and other Renaissance poets of La Pléiade.Although Ronsard is approximately 300 years older than Gouvy, they both seem to have the same interest in classical literature, though, admittedly, for different reasons. Celebrated by the French and English courts, Ronsard (1525-1585) was the leader of La Pléiade: a group of seven poets (Joachim Du Bellay (1522-1560), Rémy Belleau (1528-1577), Étienne Jodelle (1532-1573), Pontus de Tyard (1521-1603), Jean–Antoine Baïf (1532-1589), and Jean Daurat (1508-1588), who dedicated their efforts to writing poetry in French rather than in Latin (or Greek) as most of the Romantic poets did. They wished to enrich the French language, and establish a new literature which would be the equal of the other literature of their period, and the equal to poets of the past. French Romantic poetry featured the closeness of the poet to nature, and his ability to communicate with nature by personifying (anthropomorphizing) all of nature’s elements: flowers, the planets, the moon, the breeze, and even the sand upon the shore. As a significant melodist, Gouvy’s treatment of the vocal solo line and his treatment and development of the piano accompaniment places him in the upper echelons as a composer of songs. His diverse cultural life led a rich and significant musical life, interacting with his contemporaries who admired his work, and whom Gouvy knew well, such as Liszt, Brahms, Schumann, Mendelssohn, Berlioz and Gounod. Contents:Six Odes de Ronsard pour ténor et piano, Op. 37 (No. 3 et No. 5 avec violoncelle) Neuf Poésies de Ronsard pour soprano ou ténor et piano, Op. 41 Six Poésies de Ronsard pour soprano ou ténor et piano, Op. 42 Quatre Odes de Ronsard pour baryton et piano, Op. 43 Huit Poésies de Ronsard pour ténor ou soprano et piano, Op. 44 Sept Poésies de Ronsard pour ténor ou soprano et piano, Op. 47.

Voice and piano (2 songs with violoncello; 1 vocal duet) - Medium - Digital Download SKU: MQ.8491-36E Composed by MeeAe Cecilia Nam and Theodore Gouvy. 5 pages. E. C. Schirmer Music Company - Digital #8491-36E. Published by E. C. Schirmer Music Company - Digital (MQ.8491-36E). French.A French composer, Théodore Gouvy (1819-1898) was one of the most significant composers of 19th Century in Europe. The movement of rediscovering his instrumental music has been increasingly successful in Europe since the 1990s, especially following the birth of L’Institut Gouvy in France. However, his solo vocal music has been waiting to be unveiled to the public. Volume One includes 52 songs of Gouvy.Gouvy traveled widely throughout Europe. He was also a lover of nature. Generally, he spent his winters in Leipzig, but in the summertime, he always returned to Hombourg-Haut, France, to stroll through the woods, to hunt, and to relax. Gouvy was fluent in several languages and had a great appreciation of the Renaissance French Poetry of Pierre de Ronsard whose poetry he had set to music. The fifty-two songs in this volume are largely by Ronsard and other Renaissance poets of La Pléiade.Although Ronsard is approximately 300 years older than Gouvy, they both seem to have the same interest in classical literature, though, admittedly, for different reasons. Celebrated by the French and English courts, Ronsard (1525-1585) was the leader of La Pléiade: a group of seven poets (Joachim Du Bellay (1522-1560), Rémy Belleau (1528-1577), Étienne Jodelle (1532-1573), Pontus de Tyard (1521-1603), Jean–Antoine Baïf (1532-1589), and Jean Daurat (1508-1588), who dedicated their efforts to writing poetry in French rather than in Latin (or Greek) as most of the Romantic poets did. They wished to enrich the French language, and establish a new literature which would be the equal of the other literature of their period, and the equal to poets of the past. French Romantic poetry featured the closeness of the poet to nature, and his ability to communicate with nature by personifying (anthropomorphizing) all of nature’s elements: flowers, the planets, the moon, the breeze, and even the sand upon the shore. As a significant melodist, Gouvy’s treatment of the vocal solo line and his treatment and development of the piano accompaniment places him in the upper echelons as a composer of songs. His diverse cultural life led a rich and significant musical life, interacting with his contemporaries who admired his work, and whom Gouvy knew well, such as Liszt, Brahms, Schumann, Mendelssohn, Berlioz and Gounod. Contents:Six Odes de Ronsard pour ténor et piano, Op. 37 (No. 3 et No. 5 avec violoncelle) Neuf Poésies de Ronsard pour soprano ou ténor et piano, Op. 41 Six Poésies de Ronsard pour soprano ou ténor et piano, Op. 42 Quatre Odes de Ronsard pour baryton et piano, Op. 43 Huit Poésies de Ronsard pour ténor ou soprano et piano, Op. 44 Sept Poésies de Ronsard pour ténor ou soprano et piano, Op. 47.

Voice and piano (2 songs with violoncello; 1 vocal duet) - Medium - Digital Download SKU: MQ.8491-33E Composed by MeeAe Cecilia Nam and Theodore Gouvy. 3 pages. E. C. Schirmer Music Company - Digital #8491-33E. Published by E. C. Schirmer Music Company - Digital (MQ.8491-33E). French.A French composer, Théodore Gouvy (1819-1898) was one of the most significant composers of 19th Century in Europe. The movement of rediscovering his instrumental music has been increasingly successful in Europe since the 1990s, especially following the birth of L’Institut Gouvy in France. However, his solo vocal music has been waiting to be unveiled to the public. Volume One includes 52 songs of Gouvy.Gouvy traveled widely throughout Europe. He was also a lover of nature. Generally, he spent his winters in Leipzig, but in the summertime, he always returned to Hombourg-Haut, France, to stroll through the woods, to hunt, and to relax. Gouvy was fluent in several languages and had a great appreciation of the Renaissance French Poetry of Pierre de Ronsard whose poetry he had set to music. The fifty-two songs in this volume are largely by Ronsard and other Renaissance poets of La Pléiade.Although Ronsard is approximately 300 years older than Gouvy, they both seem to have the same interest in classical literature, though, admittedly, for different reasons. Celebrated by the French and English courts, Ronsard (1525-1585) was the leader of La Pléiade: a group of seven poets (Joachim Du Bellay (1522-1560), Rémy Belleau (1528-1577), Étienne Jodelle (1532-1573), Pontus de Tyard (1521-1603), Jean–Antoine Baïf (1532-1589), and Jean Daurat (1508-1588), who dedicated their efforts to writing poetry in French rather than in Latin (or Greek) as most of the Romantic poets did. They wished to enrich the French language, and establish a new literature which would be the equal of the other literature of their period, and the equal to poets of the past. French Romantic poetry featured the closeness of the poet to nature, and his ability to communicate with nature by personifying (anthropomorphizing) all of nature’s elements: flowers, the planets, the moon, the breeze, and even the sand upon the shore. As a significant melodist, Gouvy’s treatment of the vocal solo line and his treatment and development of the piano accompaniment places him in the upper echelons as a composer of songs. His diverse cultural life led a rich and significant musical life, interacting with his contemporaries who admired his work, and whom Gouvy knew well, such as Liszt, Brahms, Schumann, Mendelssohn, Berlioz and Gounod. Contents:Six Odes de Ronsard pour ténor et piano, Op. 37 (No. 3 et No. 5 avec violoncelle) Neuf Poésies de Ronsard pour soprano ou ténor et piano, Op. 41 Six Poésies de Ronsard pour soprano ou ténor et piano, Op. 42 Quatre Odes de Ronsard pour baryton et piano, Op. 43 Huit Poésies de Ronsard pour ténor ou soprano et piano, Op. 44 Sept Poésies de Ronsard pour ténor ou soprano et piano, Op. 47.

Voice and piano (2 songs with violoncello; 1 vocal duet) - Medium - Digital Download SKU: MQ.8491-18E Composed by MeeAe Cecilia Nam and Theodore Gouvy. 6 pages. E. C. Schirmer Music Company - Digital #8491-18E. Published by E. C. Schirmer Music Company - Digital (MQ.8491-18E). French.A French composer, Théodore Gouvy (1819-1898) was one of the most significant composers of 19th Century in Europe. The movement of rediscovering his instrumental music has been increasingly successful in Europe since the 1990s, especially following the birth of L’Institut Gouvy in France. However, his solo vocal music has been waiting to be unveiled to the public. Volume One includes 52 songs of Gouvy.Gouvy traveled widely throughout Europe. He was also a lover of nature. Generally, he spent his winters in Leipzig, but in the summertime, he always returned to Hombourg-Haut, France, to stroll through the woods, to hunt, and to relax. Gouvy was fluent in several languages and had a great appreciation of the Renaissance French Poetry of Pierre de Ronsard whose poetry he had set to music. The fifty-two songs in this volume are largely by Ronsard and other Renaissance poets of La Pléiade.Although Ronsard is approximately 300 years older than Gouvy, they both seem to have the same interest in classical literature, though, admittedly, for different reasons. Celebrated by the French and English courts, Ronsard (1525-1585) was the leader of La Pléiade: a group of seven poets (Joachim Du Bellay (1522-1560), Rémy Belleau (1528-1577), Étienne Jodelle (1532-1573), Pontus de Tyard (1521-1603), Jean–Antoine Baïf (1532-1589), and Jean Daurat (1508-1588), who dedicated their efforts to writing poetry in French rather than in Latin (or Greek) as most of the Romantic poets did. They wished to enrich the French language, and establish a new literature which would be the equal of the other literature of their period, and the equal to poets of the past. French Romantic poetry featured the closeness of the poet to nature, and his ability to communicate with nature by personifying (anthropomorphizing) all of nature’s elements: flowers, the planets, the moon, the breeze, and even the sand upon the shore. As a significant melodist, Gouvy’s treatment of the vocal solo line and his treatment and development of the piano accompaniment places him in the upper echelons as a composer of songs. His diverse cultural life led a rich and significant musical life, interacting with his contemporaries who admired his work, and whom Gouvy knew well, such as Liszt, Brahms, Schumann, Mendelssohn, Berlioz and Gounod. Contents:Six Odes de Ronsard pour ténor et piano, Op. 37 (No. 3 et No. 5 avec violoncelle) Neuf Poésies de Ronsard pour soprano ou ténor et piano, Op. 41 Six Poésies de Ronsard pour soprano ou ténor et piano, Op. 42 Quatre Odes de Ronsard pour baryton et piano, Op. 43 Huit Poésies de Ronsard pour ténor ou soprano et piano, Op. 44 Sept Poésies de Ronsard pour ténor ou soprano et piano, Op. 47.