Oboe,Piano - Level 2 - Digital Download SKU: A0.549840 Composed by Johann Sebastian Bach. Arranged by James M. Guthrie, ASCAP. Baroque,Christmas,Concert,Sacred,Standards. Score and part. 12 pages. Jmsgu3 #3554807. Published by jmsgu3 (A0.549840). Wachet auf, ruft uns die Stimme (Awake, the voice is calling us) from Cantata BWV 140. Duration: ca. 4:00, Score: 6 pages, solo part 1 page, piano part: 4 pages. Program this for church services during the Easter season, weddings, or as a recital encore.Wachet auf, ruft uns die Stimme (Awake, the Voice is calling us) also known as: Sleepers Awake Bach composed his church cantata Wachet auf (BWV 140) as part of his second annual cantata cycle covering the entire annual church calendar. It is based on the hymn of the same name by Philipp Nicolai (1599). The hymn text covers the readings for the 27th Sunday after Trinity. Bach designed the cantata in seven movements, setting the stanzas in various forms. Among these forms are the chorale fantasia, the chorale prelude, and a four-part chorale. He casts the new lyrics as recitatives – in a manner similar to the opera. Fourth Movement Bach writes the fourth movement, Zion hört die Wächter singen (Zion hears the watchmen singing), in the style of a chorale prelude with the chorale phrases performed as a strict cantus firmus. The phrases seem to enter at times erratically against the famous lyrical melody. The violins play this melody in unison as a foil against the cantus phrases. The violin melody is so independent and complete that when the cantus melody appears it catches the listener at times totally off-guard. Bach later transcribed this movement for organ (BWV 645). This transcription became No. 1 of the Six Schübler Chorales. Bach Overview First of all, Johann Sebastian Bach is maybe the greatest composer in music history. Certainly, he was prolific. As a result, everyone has heard of his works. Furthermore, these works number well over a thousand. It seems like people are probably most familiar with the instrumental works such as the Brandenburg Concertos, and the Goldberg Variations. But, similarly famous are such noteworthy works as the Well-Tempered Clavier, the Musical Offering, and certainly the Art of Fugue. Seems like his most famous vocal works include the most noteworthy Mass in B Minor. Also, most noteworthy, though, are the St. John Passion, and certainly the Christmas Oratorio.  History Bach came from a long line of musicians and above all, composers. Consequently, he, first of all, pursued a career as a church organist. So as a result, he gained employment in various Protestant churches in Germany. For a while, he worked as a court musician in Weimar and Köthen. Here he probably developed his organ style and likewise his chamber music style. Eventually, he, therefore, gained an appointment as Cantor of St. Thomas in Leipzig. Here he worked until difficulties with his employer ultimately drove him away. The King of Poland finally appointed him as court composer.  Style It seems like Bach created a fascinating new international style. He synthesized elements of the most noteworthy European music ideas into his new style. Even more, this new style was probably his synthesis of European musical rhythm and form. Furthermore, he demonstrated a complete mastery of counterpoint and motivic development. His sense of harmonic organization probably propelled him to the top. Revival               Mendelssohn conducted a Bach revival in the nineteenth century. His effort probably helped to re-familiarize the public with the magnitude of Bach’s works. During this period, scholars published many noteworthy Bach biographies. Moreover, Wolfgang Schmieder published the BWV (Bach Werke Verzeichnis). As a result, this is now the official catalog of his entire artistic output. The BWV number allows us to locate a work in the catalog. Sometimes scholars will simply use an S (Schmieder) as an abbreviation for BWV. &n.

E-Flat Clarinet,Piano - Level 2 - Digital Download SKU: A0.549849 Composed by Johann Sebastian Bach. Arranged by James M. Guthrie, ASCAP. Baroque,Concert,Easter,Sacred,Standards. Score and part. 12 pages. Jmsgu3 #3555017. Published by jmsgu3 (A0.549849). Wachet auf, ruft uns die Stimme (Awake, the voice is calling us) from Cantata BWV 140. Duration: ca. 4:00, Score: 6 pages, solo part 1 page, piano part: 4 pages. Program this for church services during the Easter season, weddings, or as a recital encore. www.jamesguthrie.comWachet auf, ruft uns die Stimme (Awake, the Voice is calling us) also known as: Sleepers Awake Bach composed his church cantata Wachet auf (BWV 140) as part of his second annual cantata cycle covering the entire annual church calendar. It is based on the hymn of the same name by Philipp Nicolai (1599). The hymn text covers the readings for the 27th Sunday after Trinity. Bach designed the cantata in seven movements, setting the stanzas in various forms. Among these forms are the chorale fantasia, the chorale prelude, and a four-part chorale. He casts the new lyrics as recitatives – in a manner similar to the opera. Fourth Movement Bach writes the fourth movement, Zion hört die Wächter singen (Zion hears the watchmen singing), in the style of a chorale prelude with the chorale phrases performed as a strict cantus firmus. The phrases seem to enter at times erratically against the famous lyrical melody. The violins play this melody in unison as a foil against the cantus phrases. The violin melody is so independent and complete that when the cantus melody appears it catches the listener at times totally off-guard. Bach later transcribed this movement for organ (BWV 645). This transcription became No. 1 of the Six Schübler Chorales. Bach Overview First of all, Johann Sebastian Bach is maybe the greatest composer in music history. Certainly, he was prolific. As a result, everyone has heard of his works. Furthermore, these works number well over a thousand. It seems like people are probably most familiar with the instrumental works such as the Brandenburg Concertos, and the Goldberg Variations. But, similarly famous are such noteworthy works as the Well-Tempered Clavier, the Musical Offering, and certainly the Art of Fugue. Seems like his most famous vocal works include the most noteworthy Mass in B Minor. Also, most noteworthy, though, are the St. John Passion, and certainly the Christmas Oratorio.  History Bach came from a long line of musicians and above all, composers. Consequently, he, first of all, pursued a career as a church organist. So as a result, he gained employment in various Protestant churches in Germany. For a while, he worked as a court musician in Weimar and Köthen. Here he probably developed his organ style and likewise his chamber music style. Eventually, he, therefore, gained an appointment as Cantor of St. Thomas in Leipzig. Here he worked until difficulties with his employer ultimately drove him away. The King of Poland finally appointed him as court composer.  Style It seems like Bach created a fascinating new international style. He synthesized elements of the most noteworthy European music ideas into his new style. Even more, this new style was probably his synthesis of European musical rhythm and form. Furthermore, he demonstrated a complete mastery of counterpoint and motivic development. His sense of harmonic organization probably propelled him to the top. Revival               Mendelssohn conducted a Bach revival in the nineteenth century. His effort probably helped to re-familiarize the public with the magnitude of Bach’s works. During this period, scholars published many noteworthy Bach biographies. Moreover, Wolfgang Schmieder published the BWV (Bach Werke Verzeichnis). As a result, this is now the official catalog of his entire artistic output. The BWV number allows us to locate a work in the catalog. Sometimes scholars will simply use an S (Schmieder) as an abbreviation.

Woodwind Ensemble,Woodwind Quartet Clarinet - Level 3 - Digital Download SKU: A0.549861 Composed by Johann Sebastian Bach. Arranged by James M. Guthrie, ASCAP. Baroque,Concert,Easter,Sacred,Wedding. 18 pages. Jmsgu3 #3557469. Published by jmsgu3 (A0.549861). Wachet auf, ruft uns die Stimme (Awake, the Voice is calling us) from Cantata BWV 140. Duration: ca. 4:00, Score: 10 pages, Program this for church services during the Easter season, weddings, or as a recital encore. Instrumentation: 2 Bb clarinets, 1 alto clarinet, 1 bass clarinet.Wachet auf, ruft uns die Stimme (Awake, the Voice is calling us) also known as: Sleepers Awake Bach composed his church cantata Wachet auf (BWV 140) as part of his second annual cantata cycle covering the entire annual church calendar. It is based on the hymn of the same name by Philipp Nicolai (1599). The hymn text covers the readings for the 27th Sunday after Trinity. Bach designed the cantata in seven movements, setting the stanzas in various forms. Among these forms are the chorale fantasia, the chorale prelude, and a four-part chorale. He casts the new lyrics as recitatives – in a manner similar to the opera. Fourth Movement Bach writes the fourth movement, Zion hört die Wächter singen (Zion hears the watchmen singing), in the style of a chorale prelude with the chorale phrases performed as a strict cantus firmus. The phrases seem to enter at times erratically against the famous lyrical melody. The violins play this melody in unison as a foil against the cantus phrases. The violin melody is so independent and complete that when the cantus melody appears it catches the listener at times totally off-guard. Bach later transcribed this movement for organ (BWV 645). This transcription became No. 1 of the Six Schübler Chorales. Bach Overview First of all, Johann Sebastian Bach is maybe the greatest composer in music history. Certainly, he was prolific. As a result, everyone has heard of his works. Furthermore, these works number well over a thousand. It seems like people are probably most familiar with the instrumental works such as the Brandenburg Concertos, and the Goldberg Variations. But, similarly famous are such noteworthy works as the Well-Tempered Clavier, the Musical Offering, and certainly the Art of Fugue. Seems like his most famous vocal works include the most noteworthy Mass in B Minor. Also, most noteworthy, though, are the St. John Passion, and certainly the Christmas Oratorio.  History Bach came from a long line of musicians and above all, composers. Consequently, he, first of all, pursued a career as a church organist. So as a result, he gained employment in various Protestant churches in Germany. For a while, he worked as a court musician in Weimar and Köthen. Here he probably developed his organ style and likewise his chamber music style. Eventually, he, therefore, gained an appointment as Cantor of St. Thomas in Leipzig. Here he worked until difficulties with his employer ultimately drove him away. The King of Poland finally appointed him as court composer.  Style It seems like Bach created a fascinating new international style. He synthesized elements of the most noteworthy European music ideas into his new style. Even more, this new style was probably his synthesis of European musical rhythm and form. Furthermore, he demonstrated a complete mastery of counterpoint and motivic development. His sense of harmonic organization probably propelled him to the top. Revival               Mendelssohn conducted a Bach revival in the nineteenth century. His effort probably helped to re-familiarize the public with the magnitude of Bach’s works. During this period, scholars published many noteworthy Bach biographies. Moreover, Wolfgang Schmieder published the BWV (Bach Werke Verzeichnis). As a result, this is now the official catalog of his entire artistic output. The BWV number allows us to locate a work in the catalog. Sometimes scholars will simply use an S (Schmieder) as an abbrevia.

String Orchestra - Level 4 - Digital Download SKU: A0.1183533 Composed by Joseph Bologne, Chevalier de St. Georges. Arranged by Robert Debbaut. Classical,Contest,Festival,Historic,Multicultural,World. 43 pages. ROBERT DEBBAUT #783206. Published by ROBERT DEBBAUT (A0.1183533). How is it that one can be born a slave in French colonial Guadeloupe and rise to be among Paris’ musical giants, to become a colonel in the French Army as well as the frequent dinner guest of princes and potentates? The story of Joseph Bologne, Chevalier de Saint-Georges, is surely an interesting one, even the stuff of which movies are made.Joseph Bologne’s father, Georges Bologne de Saint-Georges was a French planter. Saint-Georges was the name of his plantation. He impregnated Anne, the Senegalese slave of his wife, who bore him a son in 1745. Uncharacteristic of many of these sort of relationships he acknowledged the child was his and gave him his family name. When he was seven Bologne’s father took him to Paris for his education, enrolling him in a boarding school. Two years later he and the child’s mother returned to France and set up housekeeping as a family in Paris’ Saint-Germain-des-Prés district.At age thirteen Joseph’s father enrolled him in the Royal Technical Academy of Fencing and Swordsmanship. He quickly became the finest swordsman in the academy, perhaps in all of Paris. Upon graduation he was made an Officer of the King’s Bodyguard and a chevalier (an honorary knighthood). He went on to serve tours of duty in the French Army during the Seven Years War (1756-1763) and later after the French Revolution, where he was Colonel and commander of an all-Black regiment of the Revolutionary Army. All this in spite of the fact that French law forbade him, a man of African heritage, to become a citizen, to retain his father’s royal title of “Gentleman of the King’s Chamber,� or to marry outside his class.There is limited information about Bologne’s musical training, but he was obviously so well-skilled that Italian violinist-composer Antonio Lolli (1725-1802) wrote two violin concertos for him and French composer François-Joseph Gossec (1734-1829) dedicated his set of String Trios, Op. 9 to Bologne. Lolli may have worked with him on violin technique and Gossec composition, but this may be apocryphal. Bologne played in Gossec’s orchestra, and was later both leader and conductor of the group.As a composer Joseph Bologne was quite prolific, composing six operas, fourteen violin concertos, four symphonies concertantes, and numerous chamber works and songs. His Six String Quartets, Op. 1, Nos. 1-6 date from 1770-1771 and were published by the Paris publishing house of Jean-Georges Sieber (1738-1822) in 1773 (There are a total of 18 quartets: Six Quartets “au goût du jour� [up-to-date] from 1779 and the Opus 14 set of six which date from 1785). The Opus 1 quartets are dedicated to Anne Louis Alexandre de Montmorency (1724-1812), 7th Prince of Robeck (Robecq) and Grand Duke of Spain.The Opus 1 quartets all display a similarity to the Italian opera overtures from earlier in the Eighteenth Century (often called “sinfonia�) in that they have an overall “A-B-A� form with the ‘A’ sections being robust allegros and all ‘B’ sections marked “rondo.� As such, in arranging them for string orchestra it seemed quite natural to rename them “overtures.� Certain liberties were taken by the arranger in order to maintain the integrity of the classic Rondo formula. All six have been arranged in this manner for string orchestra. They vary in length from twelve to almost twenty minutes. If you wish to obtain parts, write to debbaut@gmail.com and pay $42 via venmo or $40 via personal check and they will be sent to you in pdf format.

String Orchestra - Level 4 - Digital Download SKU: A0.1183534 Composed by Joseph Bologne, Chevalier de St. Georges. Arranged by Robert Debbaut. Classical,Contest,Festival,Historic,Multicultural,World. 28 pages. ROBERT DEBBAUT #783207. Published by ROBERT DEBBAUT (A0.1183534). How is it that one can be born a slave in French colonial Guadeloupe and rise to be among Paris’ musical giants, to become a colonel in the French Army as well as the frequent dinner guest of princes and potentates? The story of Joseph Bologne, Chevalier de Saint-Georges, is surely an interesting one, even the stuff of which movies are made.Joseph Bologne’s father, Georges Bologne de Saint-Georges was a French planter. Saint-Georges was the name of his plantation. He impregnated Anne, the Senegalese slave of his wife, who bore him a son in 1745. Uncharacteristic of many of these sort of relationships he acknowledged the child was his and gave him his family name. When he was seven Bologne’s father took him to Paris for his education, enrolling him in a boarding school. Two years later he and the child’s mother returned to France and set up housekeeping as a family in Paris’ Saint-Germain-des-Prés district.At age thirteen Joseph’s father enrolled him in the Royal Technical Academy of Fencing and Swordsmanship. He quickly became the finest swordsman in the academy, perhaps in all of Paris. Upon graduation he was made an Officer of the King’s Bodyguard and a chevalier (an honorary knighthood). He went on to serve tours of duty in the French Army during the Seven Years War (1756-1763) and later after the French Revolution, where he was Colonel and commander of an all-Black regiment of the Revolutionary Army. All this in spite of the fact that French law forbade him, a man of African heritage, to become a citizen, to retain his father’s royal title of “Gentleman of the King’s Chamber,� or to marry outside his class.There is limited information about Bologne’s musical training, but he was obviously so well-skilled that Italian violinist-composer Antonio Lolli (1725-1802) wrote two violin concertos for him and French composer François-Joseph Gossec (1734-1829) dedicated his set of String Trios, Op. 9 to Bologne. Lolli may have worked with him on violin technique and Gossec composition, but this may be apocryphal. Bologne played in Gossec’s orchestra, and was later both leader and conductor of the group.As a composer Joseph Bologne was quite prolific, composing six operas, fourteen violin concertos, four symphonies concertantes, and numerous chamber works and songs. His Six String Quartets, Op. 1, Nos. 1-6 date from 1770-1771 and were published by the Paris publishing house of Jean-Georges Sieber (1738-1822) in 1773 (There are a total of 18 quartets: Six Quartets “au goût du jour� [up-to-date] from 1779 and the Opus 14 set of six which date from 1785). The Opus 1 quartets are dedicated to Anne Louis Alexandre de Montmorency (1724-1812), 7th Prince of Robeck (Robecq) and Grand Duke of Spain.The Opus 1 quartets all display a similarity to the Italian opera overtures from earlier in the Eighteenth Century (often called “sinfonia�) in that they have an overall “A-B-A� form with the ‘A’ sections being robust allegros and all ‘B’ sections marked “rondo.� As such, in arranging them for string orchestra it seemed quite natural to rename them “overtures.� Certain liberties were taken by the arranger in order to maintain the integrity of the classic Rondo formula. All six have been arranged in this manner for string orchestra. They vary in length from twelve to almost twenty minutes. If you wish to obtain parts, write to debbaut@gmail.com and pay $42 via venmo or $40 via personal check and they will be sent to you in pdf format.

String Orchestra - Level 4 - Digital Download SKU: A0.1183536 Composed by Joseph Bologne, Chevalier de St. Georges. Arranged by Robert Debbaut. Classical,Contest,Festival,Historic,Multicultural,World. 39 pages. ROBERT DEBBAUT #783209. Published by ROBERT DEBBAUT (A0.1183536). How is it that one can be born a slave in French colonial Guadeloupe and rise to be among Paris’ musical giants, to become a colonel in the French Army as well as the frequent dinner guest of princes and potentates? The story of Joseph Bologne, Chevalier de Saint-Georges, is surely an interesting one, even the stuff of which movies are made.Joseph Bologne’s father, Georges Bologne de Saint-Georges was a French planter. Saint-Georges was the name of his plantation. He impregnated Anne, the Senegalese slave of his wife, who bore him a son in 1745. Uncharacteristic of many of these sort of relationships he acknowledged the child was his and gave him his family name. When he was seven Bologne’s father took him to Paris for his education, enrolling him in a boarding school. Two years later he and the child’s mother returned to France and set up housekeeping as a family in Paris’ Saint-Germain-des-Prés district.At age thirteen Joseph’s father enrolled him in the Royal Technical Academy of Fencing and Swordsmanship. He quickly became the finest swordsman in the academy, perhaps in all of Paris. Upon graduation he was made an Officer of the King’s Bodyguard and a chevalier (an honorary knighthood). He went on to serve tours of duty in the French Army during the Seven Years War (1756-1763) and later after the French Revolution, where he was Colonel and commander of an all-Black regiment of the Revolutionary Army. All this in spite of the fact that French law forbade him, a man of African heritage, to become a citizen, to retain his father’s royal title of “Gentleman of the King’s Chamber,� or to marry outside his class.There is limited information about Bologne’s musical training, but he was obviously so well-skilled that Italian violinist-composer Antonio Lolli (1725-1802) wrote two violin concertos for him and French composer François-Joseph Gossec (1734-1829) dedicated his set of String Trios, Op. 9 to Bologne. Lolli may have worked with him on violin technique and Gossec composition, but this may be apocryphal. Bologne played in Gossec’s orchestra, and was later both leader and conductor of the group.As a composer Joseph Bologne was quite prolific, composing six operas, fourteen violin concertos, four symphonies concertantes, and numerous chamber works and songs. His Six String Quartets, Op. 1, Nos. 1-6 date from 1770-1771 and were published by the Paris publishing house of Jean-Georges Sieber (1738-1822) in 1773 (There are a total of 18 quartets: Six Quartets “au goût du jour� [up-to-date] from 1779 and the Opus 14 set of six which date from 1785). The Opus 1 quartets are dedicated to Anne Louis Alexandre de Montmorency (1724-1812), 7th Prince of Robeck (Robecq) and Grand Duke of Spain.The Opus 1 quartets all display a similarity to the Italian opera overtures from earlier in the Eighteenth Century (often called “sinfonia�) in that they have an overall “A-B-A� form with the ‘A’ sections being robust allegros and all ‘B’ sections marked “rondo.� As such, in arranging them for string orchestra it seemed quite natural to rename them “overtures.� Certain liberties were taken by the arranger in order to maintain the integrity of the classic Rondo formula. All six have been arranged in this manner for string orchestra. They vary in length from twelve to almost twenty minutes. If you wish to obtain parts, write to debbaut@gmail.com and pay $42 via venmo or $40 via personal check and they will be sent to you in pdf format.

String Orchestra - Level 4 - Digital Download SKU: A0.1183535 Composed by Joseph Bologne, Chevalier de St. Georges. Arranged by Robert Debbaut. Classical,Contest,Festival,Historic,Multicultural,World. 34 pages. ROBERT DEBBAUT #783208. Published by ROBERT DEBBAUT (A0.1183535). How is it that one can be born a slave in French colonial Guadeloupe and rise to be among Paris’ musical giants, to become a colonel in the French Army as well as the frequent dinner guest of princes and potentates? The story of Joseph Bologne, Chevalier de Saint-Georges, is surely an interesting one, even the stuff of which movies are made.Joseph Bologne’s father, Georges Bologne de Saint-Georges was a French planter. Saint-Georges was the name of his plantation. He impregnated Anne, the Senegalese slave of his wife, who bore him a son in 1745. Uncharacteristic of many of these sort of relationships he acknowledged the child was his and gave him his family name. When he was seven Bologne’s father took him to Paris for his education, enrolling him in a boarding school. Two years later he and the child’s mother returned to France and set up housekeeping as a family in Paris’ Saint-Germain-des-Prés district.At age thirteen Joseph’s father enrolled him in the Royal Technical Academy of Fencing and Swordsmanship. He quickly became the finest swordsman in the academy, perhaps in all of Paris. Upon graduation he was made an Officer of the King’s Bodyguard and a chevalier (an honorary knighthood). He went on to serve tours of duty in the French Army during the Seven Years War (1756-1763) and later after the French Revolution, where he was Colonel and commander of an all-Black regiment of the Revolutionary Army. All this in spite of the fact that French law forbade him, a man of African heritage, to become a citizen, to retain his father’s royal title of “Gentleman of the King’s Chamber,� or to marry outside his class.There is limited information about Bologne’s musical training, but he was obviously so well-skilled that Italian violinist-composer Antonio Lolli (1725-1802) wrote two violin concertos for him and French composer François-Joseph Gossec (1734-1829) dedicated his set of String Trios, Op. 9 to Bologne. Lolli may have worked with him on violin technique and Gossec composition, but this may be apocryphal. Bologne played in Gossec’s orchestra, and was later both leader and conductor of the group.As a composer Joseph Bologne was quite prolific, composing six operas, fourteen violin concertos, four symphonies concertantes, and numerous chamber works and songs. His Six String Quartets, Op. 1, Nos. 1-6 date from 1770-1771 and were published by the Paris publishing house of Jean-Georges Sieber (1738-1822) in 1773 (There are a total of 18 quartets: Six Quartets “au goût du jour� [up-to-date] from 1779 and the Opus 14 set of six which date from 1785). The Opus 1 quartets are dedicated to Anne Louis Alexandre de Montmorency (1724-1812), 7th Prince of Robeck (Robecq) and Grand Duke of Spain.The Opus 1 quartets all display a similarity to the Italian opera overtures from earlier in the Eighteenth Century (often called “sinfonia�) in that they have an overall “A-B-A� form with the ‘A’ sections being robust allegros and all ‘B’ sections marked “rondo.� As such, in arranging them for string orchestra it seemed quite natural to rename them “overtures.� Certain liberties were taken by the arranger in order to maintain the integrity of the classic Rondo formula. All six have been arranged in this manner for string orchestra. They vary in length from twelve to almost twenty minutes. If you wish to obtain parts, write to debbaut@gmail.com and pay $42 via venmo or $40 via personal check and they will be sent to you in pdf format.

String Orchestra - Level 4 - Digital Download SKU: A0.1183537 Composed by Joseph Bologne, Chevalier de St. Georges. Arranged by Robert Debbaut. Classical,Contest,Festival,Historic,Multicultural,World. 57 pages. ROBERT DEBBAUT #783210. Published by ROBERT DEBBAUT (A0.1183537). How is it that one can be born a slave in French colonial Guadeloupe and rise to be among Paris’ musical giants, to become a colonel in the French Army as well as the frequent dinner guest of princes and potentates? The story of Joseph Bologne, Chevalier de Saint-Georges, is surely an interesting one, even the stuff of which movies are made.Joseph Bologne’s father, Georges Bologne de Saint-Georges was a French planter. Saint-Georges was the name of his plantation. He impregnated Anne, the Senegalese slave of his wife, who bore him a son in 1745. Uncharacteristic of many of these sort of relationships he acknowledged the child was his and gave him his family name. When he was seven Bologne’s father took him to Paris for his education, enrolling him in a boarding school. Two years later he and the child’s mother returned to France and set up housekeeping as a family in Paris’ Saint-Germain-des-Prés district.At age thirteen Joseph’s father enrolled him in the Royal Technical Academy of Fencing and Swordsmanship. He quickly became the finest swordsman in the academy, perhaps in all of Paris. Upon graduation he was made an Officer of the King’s Bodyguard and a chevalier (an honorary knighthood). He went on to serve tours of duty in the French Army during the Seven Years War (1756-1763) and later after the French Revolution, where he was Colonel and commander of an all-Black regiment of the Revolutionary Army. All this in spite of the fact that French law forbade him, a man of African heritage, to become a citizen, to retain his father’s royal title of “Gentleman of the King’s Chamber,� or to marry outside his class.There is limited information about Bologne’s musical training, but he was obviously so well-skilled that Italian violinist-composer Antonio Lolli (1725-1802) wrote two violin concertos for him and French composer François-Joseph Gossec (1734-1829) dedicated his set of String Trios, Op. 9 to Bologne. Lolli may have worked with him on violin technique and Gossec composition, but this may be apocryphal. Bologne played in Gossec’s orchestra, and was later both leader and conductor of the group.As a composer Joseph Bologne was quite prolific, composing six operas, fourteen violin concertos, four symphonies concertantes, and numerous chamber works and songs. His Six String Quartets, Op. 1, Nos. 1-6 date from 1770-1771 and were published by the Paris publishing house of Jean-Georges Sieber (1738-1822) in 1773 (There are a total of 18 quartets: Six Quartets “au goût du jour� [up-to-date] from 1779 and the Opus 14 set of six which date from 1785). The Opus 1 quartets are dedicated to Anne Louis Alexandre de Montmorency (1724-1812), 7th Prince of Robeck (Robecq) and Grand Duke of Spain.The Opus 1 quartets all display a similarity to the Italian opera overtures from earlier in the Eighteenth Century (often called “sinfonia�) in that they have an overall “A-B-A� form with the ‘A’ sections being robust allegros and all ‘B’ sections marked “rondo.� As such, in arranging them for string orchestra it seemed quite natural to rename them “overtures.� Certain liberties were taken by the arranger in order to maintain the integrity of the classic Rondo formula. All six have been arranged in this manner for string orchestra. They vary in length from twelve to almost twenty minutes. If you wish to obtain parts, write to debbaut@gmail.com and pay $42 via venmo or $40 via personal check and they will be sent to you in pdf format.

Piano,Tenor Saxophone - Level 2 - Digital Download SKU: A0.550935 Composed by J. S. Bach - Gounod. Arranged by James M. Guthrie, ASCAP. Christmas,Concert,Contemporary,Easter,Wedding. Score and part. 12 pages. Jmsgu3 #4888767. Published by jmsgu3 (A0.550935). This arrangement features the controversial Schwencke measure (ms. 27) that was originally introduced in 1783 by Christian Friedrich Gottlieb Schwencke. The convenient 1st & 2nd endings provide an option for extended performance. Duration with repeat - 4:50. Score: 7 pages. Solo part: 1 page, piano part: 4 pages. Based on Prelude #1 in C Major from the Well-Tempered Clavier, Book 1. Well suited for church meditations or school programs or recital encores. Register for free lifetime updates and revisions at www.jamesguthrie.comAve MariaAve Maria is a Catholic prayer that consequently asks for the mother of Jesus (Mary) to intercede. Charles Gounod composed a famous version of the Ave Maria. He was a French Romantic composer who overlaid a new melody on an existing Bach chord progression. The progression is from Bach’s Prelude No. 1 from Well-Tempered Clavier I. This version, as well as Schubert’s version, have become essential items at weddings, masses, and funerals.Bach OverviewFirst of all, Johann Sebastian Bach is maybe the greatest composer in music history. Certainly, he was prolific. As a result, everyone has heard of his works. Furthermore, these works number well over a thousand. It seems like people are probably most familiar with the instrumental works such as the Brandenburg Concertos, and the Goldberg Variations. But, similarly famous are such noteworthy works as the Well-Tempered Clavier, the Musical Offering, and certainly the Art of Fugue. Seems like his most famous vocal works include the most noteworthy Mass in B Minor. Also, most noteworthy, though, are the St. John Passion, and certainly the Christmas Oratorio. HistoryBach came from a long line of musicians and above all, composers. Consequently, he, first of all, pursued a career as a church organist. So as a result, he gained employment in various Protestant churches in Germany. For a while, he worked as a court musician in Weimar and Köthen. Here he probably developed his organ style and likewise his chamber music style. Eventually, he, therefore, gained an appointment as Cantor of St. Thomas in Leipzig. Here he worked until difficulties with his employer ultimately drove him away. The King of Poland finally appointed him as a court composer. StyleIt seems like Bach created a fascinating new international style. He synthesized elements of the most noteworthy European music ideas into his new style. Even more, this new style was probably his synthesis of European musical rhythm and form. Furthermore, he demonstrated a complete mastery of counterpoint and motivic development. His sense of harmonic organization probably propelled him to the top.Revival              Mendelssohn conducted a Bach revival in the nineteenth century. His effort probably helped to re-familiarize the public with the magnitude of Bach’s works. During this period, scholars published many noteworthy Bach biographies. Moreover, Wolfgang Schmieder published the BWV (Bach Werke Verzeichnis). As a result, this is now the official catalog of his entire artistic output. The BWV number allows us to locate a work in the catalog. Sometimes scholars will simply use an S (Schmieder) as an abbreviation for BWV. VoyagerNASA launched two Voyager spacecraft in 1977. Onboard are phonograph records with sounds, music, and images of life on Earth. The purpose of the launch was to inform intelligent extraterrestrial life forms about conditions on Earth. The music on the disc is varied. There is Bach, Mozart, Beethoven and Stravinsky among others. However, because Bach is so important in our music history, it contains three times more Bach that all the others combined.

Bass Flute,Instrumental Solo,Piano - Level 2 - Digital Download SKU: A0.550921 Composed by J. S. Bach - Gounod. Arranged by James M. Guthrie, ASCAP. Christian,Christmas,Concert,Easter,Standards. Score and individual part. 12 pages. Jmsgu3 #4888307. Published by jmsgu3 (A0.550921). This arrangement features the controversial Schwencke measure (ms. 27) that was originally introduced in 1783 by Christian Friedrich Gottlieb Schwencke. The convenient 1st & 2nd endings provide an option for extended performance. Duration with repeat - 4:50. Score: 7 pages. Solo part: 1 page, piano part: 4 pages. Based on Prelude #1 in C Major from the Well-Tempered Clavier, Book 1. Well suited for church meditations or school programs or recital encores. Register for free lifetime updates and revisions at www.jamesguthrie.comAve MariaAve Maria is a Catholic prayer that consequently asks for the mother of Jesus (Mary) to intercede. Charles Gounod composed a famous version of the Ave Maria. He was a French Romantic composer who overlaid a new melody on an existing Bach chord progression. The progression is from Bach’s Prelude No. 1 from Well-Tempered Clavier I. This version, as well as Schubert’s version, have become essential items at weddings, masses, and funerals.Bach OverviewFirst of all, Johann Sebastian Bach is maybe the greatest composer in music history. Certainly, he was prolific. As a result, everyone has heard of his works. Furthermore, these works number well over a thousand. It seems like people are probably most familiar with the instrumental works such as the Brandenburg Concertos, and the Goldberg Variations. But, similarly famous are such noteworthy works as the Well-Tempered Clavier, the Musical Offering, and certainly the Art of Fugue. Seems like his most famous vocal works include the most noteworthy Mass in B Minor. Also, most noteworthy, though, are the St. John Passion, and certainly the Christmas Oratorio. HistoryBach came from a long line of musicians and above all, composers. Consequently, he, first of all, pursued a career as a church organist. So as a result, he gained employment in various Protestant churches in Germany. For a while, he worked as a court musician in Weimar and Köthen. Here he probably developed his organ style and likewise his chamber music style. Eventually, he, therefore, gained an appointment as Cantor of St. Thomas in Leipzig. Here he worked until difficulties with his employer ultimately drove him away. The King of Poland finally appointed him as a court composer. StyleIt seems like Bach created a fascinating new international style. He synthesized elements of the most noteworthy European music ideas into his new style. Even more, this new style was probably his synthesis of European musical rhythm and form. Furthermore, he demonstrated a complete mastery of counterpoint and motivic development. His sense of harmonic organization probably propelled him to the top.Revival              Mendelssohn conducted a Bach revival in the nineteenth century. His effort probably helped to re-familiarize the public with the magnitude of Bach’s works. During this period, scholars published many noteworthy Bach biographies. Moreover, Wolfgang Schmieder published the BWV (Bach Werke Verzeichnis). As a result, this is now the official catalog of his entire artistic output. The BWV number allows us to locate a work in the catalog. Sometimes scholars will simply use an S (Schmieder) as an abbreviation for BWV. VoyagerNASA launched two Voyager spacecraft in 1977. Onboard are phonograph records with sounds, music, and images of life on Earth. The purpose of the launch was to inform intelligent extraterrestrial life forms about conditions on Earth. The music on the disc is varied. There is Bach, Mozart, Beethoven and Stravinsky among others. However, because Bach is so important in our music history, it contains three times more Bach that all the others combined.

Oboe,Piano - Level 2 - Digital Download SKU: A0.550929 Composed by J. S. Bach - Gounod. Arranged by James M. Guthrie, ASCAP. Christmas,Easter,Standards. Score and part. 12 pages. Jmsgu3 #4888381. Published by jmsgu3 (A0.550929). This arrangement features the controversial Schwencke measure (ms. 27) that was originally introduced in 1783 by Christian Friedrich Gottlieb Schwencke. The convenient 1st & 2nd endings provide an option for extended performance. Duration with repeat - 4:50. Score: 7 pages. Solo part: 1 page, piano part: 4 pages. Based on Prelude #1 in C Major from the Well-Tempered Clavier, Book 1. Well suited for church meditations, school programs or recital encores.  Ave Maria Ave Maria is a Catholic prayer that consequently asks for the mother of Jesus (Mary) to intercede. Charles Gounod composed a famous version of the Ave Maria. He was a French Romantic composer who overlaid a new melody on an existing Bach chord progression. The progression is from Bach’s Prelude No. 1 from Well-Tempered Clavier I. This version, as well as Schubert’s version, have become essential items at weddings, masses, and funerals. Bach Overview First of all, Johann Sebastian Bach is maybe the greatest composer in music history. Certainly, he was prolific. As a result, everyone has heard of his works. Furthermore, these works number well over a thousand. It seems like people are probably most familiar with the instrumental works such as the Brandenburg Concertos, and the Goldberg Variations. But, similarly famous are such noteworthy works as the Well-Tempered Clavier, the Musical Offering, and certainly the Art of Fugue. Seems like his most famous vocal works include the most noteworthy Mass in B Minor. Also, most noteworthy, though, are the St. John Passion, and certainly the Christmas Oratorio.  History Bach came from a long line of musicians and above all, composers. Consequently, he, first of all, pursued a career as a church organist. So as a result, he gained employment in various Protestant churches in Germany. For a while, he worked as a court musician in Weimar and Köthen. Here he probably developed his organ style and likewise his chamber music style. Eventually, he, therefore, gained an appointment as Cantor of St. Thomas in Leipzig. Here he worked until difficulties with his employer ultimately drove him away. The King of Poland finally appointed him as a court composer.  Style It seems like Bach created a fascinating new international style. He synthesized elements of the most noteworthy European music ideas into his new style. Even more, this new style was probably his synthesis of European musical rhythm and form. Furthermore, he demonstrated a complete mastery of counterpoint and motivic development. His sense of harmonic organization probably propelled him to the top. Revival               Mendelssohn conducted a Bach revival in the nineteenth century. His effort probably helped to re-familiarize the public with the magnitude of Bach’s works. During this period, scholars published many noteworthy Bach biographies. Moreover, Wolfgang Schmieder published the BWV (Bach Werke Verzeichnis). As a result, this is now the official catalog of his entire artistic output. The BWV number allows us to locate a work in the catalog. Sometimes scholars will simply use an S (Schmieder) as an abbreviation for BWV.  Voyager NASA launched two Voyager spacecraft in 1977. Onboard are phonograph records with sounds, music, and images of life on Earth. The purpose of the launch was to inform intelligent extraterrestrial life forms about conditions on Earth. The music on the disc is varied. There is Bach, Mozart, Beethoven, and Stravinsky among others. However, because Bach is so important in our music history, it contains three times more Bach than all the others combined.

E-Flat Clarinet,Piano - Level 2 - Digital Download SKU: A0.550918 Composed by J. S. Bach - Gounod. Arranged by James M. Guthrie, ASCAP. Christmas,Easter,Standards. Score and part. 12 pages. Jmsgu3 #4888287. Published by jmsgu3 (A0.550918). This arrangement features the controversial Schwencke measure (ms. 27) that was originally introduced in 1783 by Christian Friedrich Gottlieb Schwencke. The convenient 1st & 2nd endings provide an option for extended performance. Duration with repeat - 4:50. Score: 7 pages. Solo part: 1 page, piano part: 4 pages. Based on Prelude #1 in C Major from the Well-Tempered Clavier, Book 1. Well suited for church meditations or school programs or recital encores.  Ave Maria Ave Maria is a Catholic prayer that consequently asks for the mother of Jesus (Mary) to intercede. Charles Gounod composed a famous version of the Ave Maria. He was a French Romantic composer who overlaid a new melody on an existing Bach chord progression. The progression is from Bach’s Prelude No. 1 from Well-Tempered Clavier I. This version, as well as Schubert’s version, have become essential items at weddings, masses, and funerals. Bach Overview First of all, Johann Sebastian Bach is maybe the greatest composer in music history. Certainly, he was prolific. As a result, everyone has heard of his works. Furthermore, these works number well over a thousand. It seems like people are probably most familiar with instrumental works such as the Brandenburg Concertos, and the Goldberg Variations. But, similarly famous are such noteworthy works as the Well-Tempered Clavier, the Musical Offering, and the Art of Fugue. Seems like his most famous vocal works include the most noteworthy Mass in B Minor. Also, most noteworthy, though, are the St. John Passion, and certainly the Christmas Oratorio.  History Bach came from a long line of musicians and above all, composers. Consequently, he, first of all, pursued a career as a church organist. So as a result, he gained employment in various Protestant churches in Germany. For a while, he worked as a court musician in Weimar and Köthen. Here he probably developed his organ style and likewise his chamber music style. Eventually, he, therefore, gained an appointment as Cantor of St. Thomas in Leipzig. Here he worked until difficulties with his employer ultimately drove him away. The King of Poland finally appointed him as a court composer.  Style It seems like Bach created an engaging new international style. He synthesized elements of the most noteworthy European music ideas into his new style. Even more, this new style was probably his synthesis of European musical rhythm and form. Furthermore, he demonstrated a complete mastery of counterpoint and motivic development. His sense of harmonic organization probably propelled him to the top. Revival               Mendelssohn conducted a Bach revival in the nineteenth century. His effort probably helped to re-familiarize the public with the magnitude of Bach’s works. During this period, scholars published many noteworthy Bach biographies. Moreover, Wolfgang Schmieder published the BWV (Bach Werke Verzeichnis). As a result, this is now the official catalog of his entire artistic output. The BWV number allows us to locate a work in the catalog. Sometimes scholars will simply use an S (Schmieder) as an abbreviation for BWV.  Voyager NASA launched two Voyager spacecraft in 1977. Onboard are phonograph records with sounds, music, and images of life on Earth. The purpose of the launch was to inform intelligent extraterrestrial life forms about conditions on Earth. The music on the disc is varied. There is Bach, Mozart, Beethoven, and Stravinsky among others. However, because Bach is so important in our music history, it contains three times more Bach than all the others combined.

Flute,Piano - Level 2 - Digital Download SKU: A0.550917 Composed by J. S. Bach - Gounod. Arranged by James M. Guthrie, ASCAP. Christmas,Contemporary,Easter,Wedding. Score and part. 11 pages. Jmsgu3 #4888281. Published by jmsgu3 (A0.550917). This arrangement features the controversial Schwencke measure (ms. 27) that was originally introduced in 1783 by Christian Friedrich Gottlieb Schwencke. The convenient 1st & 2nd endings provide an option for extended performance. Duration with repeat - 4:50. Score: 7 pages. Solo part: 1 page, piano part: 4 pages. Based on Prelude #1 in C Major from the Well-Tempered Clavier, Book 1. Well suited for church meditations or school programs or recital encores.  Ave Maria Ave Maria is a Catholic prayer that consequently asks for the mother of Jesus (Mary) to intercede. Charles Gounod composed a famous version of the Ave Maria. He was a French Romantic composer who overlaid a new melody on an existing Bach chord progression. The progression is from Bach’s Prelude No. 1 from Well-Tempered Clavier I. This version, as well as Schubert’s version, have become essential items at weddings, masses, and funerals. Bach Overview First of all, Johann Sebastian Bach is maybe the greatest composer in music history. Certainly, he was prolific. As a result, everyone has heard of his works. Furthermore, these works number well over a thousand. It seems like people are probably most familiar with instrumental works such as the Brandenburg Concertos, and the Goldberg Variations. But, similarly famous are such noteworthy works as the Well-Tempered Clavier, the Musical Offering, and the Art of Fugue. Seems like his most famous vocal works include the most noteworthy Mass in B Minor. Also, most noteworthy, though, are the St. John Passion, and certainly the Christmas Oratorio.  History Bach came from a long line of musicians and above all, composers. Consequently, he, first of all, pursued a career as a church organist. So as a result, he gained employment in various Protestant churches in Germany. For a while, he worked as a court musician in Weimar and Köthen. Here he probably developed his organ style and likewise his chamber music style. Eventually, he, therefore, gained an appointment as Cantor of St. Thomas in Leipzig. Here he worked until difficulties with his employer ultimately drove him away. The King of Poland finally appointed him as a court composer.  Style It seems like Bach created an engaging new international style. He synthesized elements of the most noteworthy European music ideas into his new style. Even more, this new style was probably his synthesis of European musical rhythm and form. Furthermore, he demonstrated a complete mastery of counterpoint and motivic development. His sense of harmonic organization probably propelled him to the top. Revival               Mendelssohn conducted a Bach revival in the nineteenth century. His effort probably helped to re-familiarize the public with the magnitude of Bach’s works. During this period, scholars published many noteworthy Bach biographies. Moreover, Wolfgang Schmieder published the BWV (Bach Werke Verzeichnis). As a result, this is now the official catalog of his entire artistic output. The BWV number allows us to locate a work in the catalog. Sometimes scholars will simply use an S (Schmieder) as an abbreviation for BWV.  Voyager NASA launched two Voyager spacecraft in 1977. Onboard are phonograph records with sounds, music, and images of life on Earth. The purpose of the launch was to inform intelligent extraterrestrial life forms about conditions on Earth. The music on the disc is varied. There is Bach, Mozart, Beethoven, and Stravinsky among others. However, because Bach is so important in our music history, it contains three times more Bach than all the others combined.

Piano,Trombone - Level 2 - Digital Download SKU: A0.550934 Composed by J. S. Bach - Gounod. Arranged by James M. Guthrie, ASCAP. Christmas,Contemporary,Easter,Wedding. Score and part. 12 pages. Jmsgu3 #4888761. Published by jmsgu3 (A0.550934). This arrangement features the controversial Schwencke measure (ms. 27) that was originally introduced in 1783 by Christian Friedrich Gottlieb Schwencke. The convenient 1st & 2nd endings provide an option for extended performance. Duration with repeat - 4:50. Score: 6 pages. Solo part: 1 page, piano part: 4 pages. Based on Prelude #1 in C Major from the Well-Tempered Clavier, Book 1. Well suited for church meditations or school programs or recital encores.  Ave Maria Ave Maria is a Catholic prayer that consequently asks for the mother of Jesus (Mary) to intercede. Charles Gounod composed a famous version of the Ave Maria. He was a French Romantic composer who overlaid a new melody on an existing Bach chord progression. The progression is from Bach’s Prelude No. 1 from Well-Tempered Clavier I. This version, as well as Schubert’s version, have become essential items at weddings, masses, and funerals. Bach Overview First of all, Johann Sebastian Bach is maybe the greatest composer in music history. Certainly, he was prolific. As a result, everyone has heard of his works. Furthermore, these works number well over a thousand. It seems like people are probably most familiar with instrumental works such as the Brandenburg Concertos, and the Goldberg Variations. But, similarly famous are such noteworthy works as the Well-Tempered Clavier, the Musical Offering, and the Art of Fugue. Seems like his most famous vocal works include the most noteworthy Mass in B Minor. Also, most noteworthy, though, are the St. John Passion, and certainly the Christmas Oratorio.  History Bach came from a long line of musicians and above all, composers. Consequently, he, first of all, pursued a career as a church organist. So as a result, he gained employment in various Protestant churches in Germany. For a while, he worked as a court musician in Weimar and Köthen. Here he probably developed his organ style and likewise his chamber music style. Eventually, he, therefore, gained an appointment as Cantor of St. Thomas in Leipzig. Here he worked until difficulties with his employer ultimately drove him away. The King of Poland finally appointed him as a court composer.  Style It seems like Bach created an engaging new international style. He synthesized elements of the most noteworthy European music ideas into his new style. Even more, this new style was probably his synthesis of European musical rhythm and form. Furthermore, he demonstrated a complete mastery of counterpoint and motivic development. His sense of harmonic organization probably propelled him to the top. Revival               Mendelssohn conducted a Bach revival in the nineteenth century. His effort probably helped to re-familiarize the public with the magnitude of Bach’s works. During this period, scholars published many noteworthy Bach biographies. Moreover, Wolfgang Schmieder published the BWV (Bach Werke Verzeichnis). As a result, this is now the official catalog of his entire artistic output. The BWV number allows us to locate a work in the catalog. Sometimes scholars will simply use an S (Schmieder) as an abbreviation for BWV.  Voyager NASA launched two Voyager spacecraft in 1977. Onboard are phonograph records with sounds, music, and images of life on Earth. The purpose of the launch was to inform intelligent extraterrestrial life forms about conditions on Earth. The music on the disc is varied. There is Bach, Mozart, Beethoven, and Stravinsky among others. However, because Bach is so important in our music history, it contains three times more Bach than all the others combined.

Instrumental Solo,Oboe d'Amore,Piano - Level 2 - Digital Download SKU: A0.550930 Composed by J. S. Bach - Gounod. Arranged by James M. Guthrie, ASCAP. Christmas,Easter,Standards. Score and individual part. 12 pages. Jmsgu3 #4888395. Published by jmsgu3 (A0.550930). This arrangement features the controversial Schwencke measure (ms. 27) that was originally introduced in 1783 by Christian Friedrich Gottlieb Schwencke. The convenient 1st & 2nd endings provide an option for extended performance. Duration with repeat - 4:50. Score: 7 pages. Solo part: 1 page, piano part: 4 pages. Based on Prelude #1 in C Major from the Well-Tempered Clavier, Book 1. Well suited for church meditations or school programs or recital encores.  Ave Maria Ave Maria is a Catholic prayer that consequently asks for the mother of Jesus (Mary) to intercede. Charles Gounod composed a famous version of the Ave Maria. He was a French Romantic composer who overlaid a new melody on an existing Bach chord progression. The progression is from Bach’s Prelude No. 1 from Well-Tempered Clavier I. This version, as well as Schubert’s version, have become essential items at weddings, masses, and funerals. Bach Overview First of all, Johann Sebastian Bach is maybe the greatest composer in music history. Certainly, he was prolific. As a result, everyone has heard of his works. Furthermore, these works number well over a thousand. It seems like people are probably most familiar with instrumental works such as the Brandenburg Concertos, and the Goldberg Variations. But, similarly famous are such noteworthy works as the Well-Tempered Clavier, the Musical Offering, and the Art of Fugue. Seems like his most famous vocal works include the most noteworthy Mass in B Minor. Also, most noteworthy, though, are the St. John Passion, and certainly the Christmas Oratorio.  History Bach came from a long line of musicians and above all, composers. Consequently, he, first of all, pursued a career as a church organist. So as a result, he gained employment in various Protestant churches in Germany. For a while, he worked as a court musician in Weimar and Köthen. Here he probably developed his organ style and likewise his chamber music style. Eventually, he, therefore, gained an appointment as Cantor of St. Thomas in Leipzig. Here he worked until difficulties with his employer ultimately drove him away. The King of Poland finally appointed him as a court composer.  Style It seems like Bach created an engaging new international style. He synthesized elements of the most noteworthy European music ideas into his new style. Even more, this new style was probably his synthesis of European musical rhythm and form. Furthermore, he demonstrated a complete mastery of counterpoint and motivic development. His sense of harmonic organization probably propelled him to the top. Revival               Mendelssohn conducted a Bach revival in the nineteenth century. His effort probably helped to re-familiarize the public with the magnitude of Bach’s works. During this period, scholars published many noteworthy Bach biographies. Moreover, Wolfgang Schmieder published the BWV (Bach Werke Verzeichnis). As a result, this is now the official catalog of his entire artistic output. The BWV number allows us to locate a work in the catalog. Sometimes scholars will simply use an S (Schmieder) as an abbreviation for BWV.  Voyager NASA launched two Voyager spacecraft in 1977. Onboard are phonograph records with sounds, music, and images of life on Earth. The purpose of the launch was to inform intelligent extraterrestrial life forms about conditions on Earth. The music on the disc is varied. There is Bach, Mozart, Beethoven, and Stravinsky among others. However, because Bach is so important in our music history, it contains three times more Bach than all the others combined.